Answer to Poll: RIGHT structure is the proper structure for "1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl palmitate"
The naming of molecules can be rather confusing. This can be made even worse due to the fact that a 2-d image of these structures require a bit of perspective. Note that the more wordy name for these two molecules make mention of either "1,3-dihydroxy" or "2,3-dihydroxy". This part of the naming tells us where the hydroxyl (-OH) groups are on the molecule. In this case, the former has -OH groups on the 1st and 3rd carbons, whereas the latter molecule has it on the 2nd and 3rd carbons.
The palmitate tells us the structure for the fatty tail (in this case being derived from palmitic acid). You'll notice that it has an -ate ending. -ate endings are seen with acids, with the anionic form of carboxylic acid being named "carboxylate". This just tells us that the functional group is either an acid or ester- in this case palmitate is bound to the glycerol backbone by why of an ester bond.
The critical phrase here is the "propan-2-yl" as this tells us that the original structure has 3 carbons (i.e. the "propane"- note that glycerol is not used in the naming here) with the "2-yl" describing where the ester is on the molecule. Altogether, this tells us that the palmitate should exist on the 2nd carbon of this molecule, with the 1st and 3rd carbons having -OH groups.
THE MOLECULE ON THE RIGHT shows this orientation. Note that more common names for these molecules, which are used in the addition studies provided with respect to diseased states, use a naming method that details where the palmitate is. For instance, the common name "1-Monopalmitin" tells us that the palmitate exists on the 1st carbon, and there's only one of them. It's a much easier method of naming, and is the name that should be used when looking up information on this monoglyceride in particular as more complex names may come up empty.
Also, for those curious there is no "1,2-dihydroxypropyl palmitate", because this molecule would look the same as "2,3-dihydroxypropyl palmitate". This is due to the fact that the glycerol backbone lacks chirality, and so the structure of a hypothetical "1,2" molecule would end up being organized the same as "2,3".
"In that regard, the actual rate of decay for these produce will be unknown, especially given the fact that evolutionary visual cues used to determine a produce’s freshness will no longer be an effective method.":
This has been my principal concern since learning about Apeel. "Looks fresh" is not the same as "fresh". I just pulled a couple of garlic bulbs out of the pot where they had been growing, in the back yard. That is "fresh"!
This was an argument that Heather Heying raised, and it's something worth considering. We essentially can't use context cues to tell us much about these fruit. Think about a banana in stasis being forever yellow. There's an aspect to oxidation on the outside telling us about oxidation on the inside (as above; so below) that is inherently related, so maybe these coatings may slow down oxidation to some degree. At the same time, metabolism is still likely occurring.
One thing I've noticed recently is oxidation in apples which tells us a bit about this process. A fresh (or at least as fresh as the store can provide sometimes) can be cut into and may not turn brown for many minutes, or even up to a few hours. However, older apples that may still seem okay on the outside may start to darken as soon as they are bitten into, suggesting a reduced buffering capacity against oxidation. That may tell us that an apple may appear okay, but once exposed goes downhill fast due to losing some of those necessary antioxidants.
It's interesting that Apeel never shows what the inside of their produce look like as well, which is some food for thought tbh.
Very well done - thanks for showing us how to dig deeper (biochem wasn’t my forte). On a funny note Apeel reminds me of this (only for fruit rather than cereal) - and maybe you’ll appreciate the Christmas movie reference: https://youtu.be/5DdqIaOhpJg
Thank you! you saved me hrs. I do wonder though -- how do they possibly get enough grape seeds to make enough to coat all these products? I'm very suspicious of that - could they be using just a wee bit of grape seeds and the rest.... ?
Given that grapeseed oil is widely available in large quantities, I don't find it to be too difficult to source. If Apeel is doing most of this stuff in-house, I can see them partnering with wine/jelly makers and getting the pulp leftover from manufacturing, grabbing the seeds and processing them. Or they may just source them from grapeseed producers as well? Either way, there seems to already be plenty of grapeseed oil to go around. Even if not, a synthetic palmitic acid should still look the same. The main thing I find curious is the use of Apeel on organic produce given that it seems like the monoglycerides may be synthetic (the article from the FDA makes mention of esterification needing to occur).
This article, from the Abstract, notes a good deal of palmitic acid in 7 grape varieties, so it does seem like they are being disingenuous when they say the monoglycerides and diglycerides are derived from plants- it's the palmitic acid that seems to be sourced from seeds.
I wonder because an acquaintance was in a meeting w/ FDA/USDA types and they mentioned that there were far more cranberry supplements in a given year than cranberries grown so someone is falsifying somewhere. Their concern was how to analyze for this type of fraud - of course, in the end, they mean to regulate far more than we want. I think you're right on the synthetic prospect - did they not do this w/ fish oil as well?
That's interesting. I'd assume in the case of supplements some of those compounds may be synthesized? That may be something interesting to look into. Or it's possible that there's a lot of supplements on the market that are falsely advertised to contain cranberries when they don't. I think fillers are likely to be a big issue in the supplement industry as well, so there's probably a lot of funny business.
Here, there's no way of measuring actual fraud in content without having scientists analyze the coating themselves I suppose. It really depends if the "fillers" are of something concerning but that would going into unknown territory as well. 🤷♂️
I haven't heard of the fish oil stuff, so I can't speak on that but again it would be something interesting to look into if true.
What you don't know: they also said that mRNA vaccines didn't have DNA and now it's proven they even have DNA rings, which means bio-engineering our genome!
Who's behind Apeel? Bill Gates, who's obsessed with reducing the population no mater how many he should murder:
Gates-WHO: vaccines can’t reduce population, except by murdering
Proof: they were never for reducing mortality, only for murdering!
There's a plan to murder 95% of the global population.
Start taking some redpills and doing your own homework by searching the following in duckduckgo.com or presearch.com:
- Both Churchill and Roosevelt were masons and plotted to get the reluctant USA into the war by provoking the Japs and letting Pearl Harbor (all fleet defenseless in there, no radar warning from outer islands)
- 9/11: 2 "planes", yet all 7 World Trade Center towers destroyed, not the closer towers not belonging to World Trade Center, and the owner with his 2 grown up siblings failed to show up for work (never skipped work before)...
- J6: The fake riot was mason-planned, incited and guided by FBI agents, who broke into the Capitol !!!
- At least since the 90s, vaccines were weaponized to reduce the population, for example:
1. Adding hCG to infertilize women: lab detected in 30 countries
2. Overpassing the FDA 10 ng limit to human DNA “contamination” by 2000%, thus causing neuro-damage (autism, asperger, tics, etc.) and childhood cancer epidemic (n.b. leukemia, non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas)
- COVID was designed as a primer for lethal COVID haccines:
- It’s the masons, who create counterfeited currencies (trillions of dollars and EUROS) and bought the listed corporations, media, healthcare, universities, parties and political careers:
Answer to Poll: RIGHT structure is the proper structure for "1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl palmitate"
The naming of molecules can be rather confusing. This can be made even worse due to the fact that a 2-d image of these structures require a bit of perspective. Note that the more wordy name for these two molecules make mention of either "1,3-dihydroxy" or "2,3-dihydroxy". This part of the naming tells us where the hydroxyl (-OH) groups are on the molecule. In this case, the former has -OH groups on the 1st and 3rd carbons, whereas the latter molecule has it on the 2nd and 3rd carbons.
The palmitate tells us the structure for the fatty tail (in this case being derived from palmitic acid). You'll notice that it has an -ate ending. -ate endings are seen with acids, with the anionic form of carboxylic acid being named "carboxylate". This just tells us that the functional group is either an acid or ester- in this case palmitate is bound to the glycerol backbone by why of an ester bond.
The critical phrase here is the "propan-2-yl" as this tells us that the original structure has 3 carbons (i.e. the "propane"- note that glycerol is not used in the naming here) with the "2-yl" describing where the ester is on the molecule. Altogether, this tells us that the palmitate should exist on the 2nd carbon of this molecule, with the 1st and 3rd carbons having -OH groups.
THE MOLECULE ON THE RIGHT shows this orientation. Note that more common names for these molecules, which are used in the addition studies provided with respect to diseased states, use a naming method that details where the palmitate is. For instance, the common name "1-Monopalmitin" tells us that the palmitate exists on the 1st carbon, and there's only one of them. It's a much easier method of naming, and is the name that should be used when looking up information on this monoglyceride in particular as more complex names may come up empty.
Also, for those curious there is no "1,2-dihydroxypropyl palmitate", because this molecule would look the same as "2,3-dihydroxypropyl palmitate". This is due to the fact that the glycerol backbone lacks chirality, and so the structure of a hypothetical "1,2" molecule would end up being organized the same as "2,3".
"In that regard, the actual rate of decay for these produce will be unknown, especially given the fact that evolutionary visual cues used to determine a produce’s freshness will no longer be an effective method.":
This has been my principal concern since learning about Apeel. "Looks fresh" is not the same as "fresh". I just pulled a couple of garlic bulbs out of the pot where they had been growing, in the back yard. That is "fresh"!
This was an argument that Heather Heying raised, and it's something worth considering. We essentially can't use context cues to tell us much about these fruit. Think about a banana in stasis being forever yellow. There's an aspect to oxidation on the outside telling us about oxidation on the inside (as above; so below) that is inherently related, so maybe these coatings may slow down oxidation to some degree. At the same time, metabolism is still likely occurring.
One thing I've noticed recently is oxidation in apples which tells us a bit about this process. A fresh (or at least as fresh as the store can provide sometimes) can be cut into and may not turn brown for many minutes, or even up to a few hours. However, older apples that may still seem okay on the outside may start to darken as soon as they are bitten into, suggesting a reduced buffering capacity against oxidation. That may tell us that an apple may appear okay, but once exposed goes downhill fast due to losing some of those necessary antioxidants.
It's interesting that Apeel never shows what the inside of their produce look like as well, which is some food for thought tbh.
Very well done - thanks for showing us how to dig deeper (biochem wasn’t my forte). On a funny note Apeel reminds me of this (only for fruit rather than cereal) - and maybe you’ll appreciate the Christmas movie reference: https://youtu.be/5DdqIaOhpJg
I think this just reminds me that I have yet to fully watch A Christmas Movie...
Love Chevy Chase!
Fantastic explanation.
Thank you.
Thank you! you saved me hrs. I do wonder though -- how do they possibly get enough grape seeds to make enough to coat all these products? I'm very suspicious of that - could they be using just a wee bit of grape seeds and the rest.... ?
Given that grapeseed oil is widely available in large quantities, I don't find it to be too difficult to source. If Apeel is doing most of this stuff in-house, I can see them partnering with wine/jelly makers and getting the pulp leftover from manufacturing, grabbing the seeds and processing them. Or they may just source them from grapeseed producers as well? Either way, there seems to already be plenty of grapeseed oil to go around. Even if not, a synthetic palmitic acid should still look the same. The main thing I find curious is the use of Apeel on organic produce given that it seems like the monoglycerides may be synthetic (the article from the FDA makes mention of esterification needing to occur).
This article, from the Abstract, notes a good deal of palmitic acid in 7 grape varieties, so it does seem like they are being disingenuous when they say the monoglycerides and diglycerides are derived from plants- it's the palmitic acid that seems to be sourced from seeds.
https://www.ocl-journal.org/articles/ocl/full_html/2021/01/ocl210003/ocl210003.html
I wonder because an acquaintance was in a meeting w/ FDA/USDA types and they mentioned that there were far more cranberry supplements in a given year than cranberries grown so someone is falsifying somewhere. Their concern was how to analyze for this type of fraud - of course, in the end, they mean to regulate far more than we want. I think you're right on the synthetic prospect - did they not do this w/ fish oil as well?
That's interesting. I'd assume in the case of supplements some of those compounds may be synthesized? That may be something interesting to look into. Or it's possible that there's a lot of supplements on the market that are falsely advertised to contain cranberries when they don't. I think fillers are likely to be a big issue in the supplement industry as well, so there's probably a lot of funny business.
Here, there's no way of measuring actual fraud in content without having scientists analyze the coating themselves I suppose. It really depends if the "fillers" are of something concerning but that would going into unknown territory as well. 🤷♂️
I haven't heard of the fish oil stuff, so I can't speak on that but again it would be something interesting to look into if true.
What you don't know: they also said that mRNA vaccines didn't have DNA and now it's proven they even have DNA rings, which means bio-engineering our genome!
Who's behind Apeel? Bill Gates, who's obsessed with reducing the population no mater how many he should murder:
Gates-WHO: vaccines can’t reduce population, except by murdering
Proof: they were never for reducing mortality, only for murdering!
https://scientificprogress.substack.com/p/depop-vaccines-no-myth
Wake up!
There's a plan to murder 95% of the global population.
Start taking some redpills and doing your own homework by searching the following in duckduckgo.com or presearch.com:
- Both Churchill and Roosevelt were masons and plotted to get the reluctant USA into the war by provoking the Japs and letting Pearl Harbor (all fleet defenseless in there, no radar warning from outer islands)
- 9/11: 2 "planes", yet all 7 World Trade Center towers destroyed, not the closer towers not belonging to World Trade Center, and the owner with his 2 grown up siblings failed to show up for work (never skipped work before)...
- J6: The fake riot was mason-planned, incited and guided by FBI agents, who broke into the Capitol !!!
https://scientificprogress.substack.com/p/j6-what-you-need-to-know
It's such a mason manual that they organized the same play in Brazil when it was proven that the voting machines owned by mason Soros, were rigged:
https://scientificprogress.substack.com/p/the-2020-american-coup
https://scientificprogress.substack.com/p/dominion-over-us
- At least since the 90s, vaccines were weaponized to reduce the population, for example:
1. Adding hCG to infertilize women: lab detected in 30 countries
2. Overpassing the FDA 10 ng limit to human DNA “contamination” by 2000%, thus causing neuro-damage (autism, asperger, tics, etc.) and childhood cancer epidemic (n.b. leukemia, non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas)
- COVID was designed as a primer for lethal COVID haccines:
https://scientificprogress.substack.com/p/the-real-covid-timeline
https://scientificprogress.substack.com/p/not-vaccine-not-gene-therapy-just
https://scientificprogress.substack.com/p/what-do-bioweapons-have-to-do-with
- Wake up videos:
https://scientificprogress.substack.com/p/wake-up-videos
- It's genocide for depopulation:
https://scientificprogress.substack.com/p/depop-vaccines-no-myth
- It’s the masons, who create counterfeited currencies (trillions of dollars and EUROS) and bought the listed corporations, media, healthcare, universities, parties and political careers:
https://scientificprogress.substack.com/p/david-rockefeller-illuminati
ex-illuminati Ronald Bernard's confessions:
http://youtu.be/JAhnCdXqPww
Now are you ready?
The full PLAN exposed:
https://scientificprogress.substack.com/p/the-plan-revealed
16 laws we need to exit Prison Planet
Politics got us in, politics is the way out ... after prayers!
https://scientificprogress.substack.com/p/laws-to-exit-planet-prison